What is DRS in Formula 1?
DRS (Drag Reduction System) was an aerodynamic device used in Formula 1 that opened a movable flap in the rear wing to reduce drag and increase top speed. It was used from 2011 to 2025. Under the 2026 regulations it was removed and replaced by an active aerodynamics system combined with a Manual Override.
How DRS worked (2011-2025)
The driver activated DRS by pressing a button on the steering wheel. When triggered, a section of the rear wing opened, reducing drag and allowing 10 to 15 km/h of extra straight-line speed.
Race rules:
- DRS could only be activated within predefined DRS zones on the circuit.
- The driver had to be less than 1 second behind the car ahead at the detection point.
- It was banned during the first two laps, under Safety Car, VSC or declared wet conditions.
- In qualifying and free practice it could be used without distance restrictions. See also what are Q1, Q2 and Q3.
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The FIA retired DRS under the 2026 regulations and replaced it with two complementary systems:
| System | Function |
|---|---|
| X-Mode (low downforce) | The driver reduces downforce on predefined straight sections to gain top speed. |
| Z-Mode (high downforce) | Default setup in corners for maximum grip. |
| Manual Override (MGU-K) | Delivers up to 350 kW of extra power with +0.5 MJ of energy up to 337 km/h, activated by the chasing driver. |
Unlike DRS, X-Mode can be activated independently of gap distance. Manual Override retains the "aid to the chaser" principle.
Frequently asked questions
Is DRS still used in 2026? No. DRS was removed from the technical regulations for the 2026 season.
How much speed did a car gain with DRS? Between 10 and 15 km/h on the straights, depending on the circuit and aero configuration.
Who invented DRS? It was introduced by the FIA in 2011 to boost overtaking after seasons with limited on-track action.
What is a DRS zone? Sections of the track defined by the FIA where the system could be activated. Each Grand Prix had between 1 and 4 zones.
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